April 4, 5:00 pm EST

The slowdown in China spooked global markets late last year, and have since spooked global central banks. 

Given the current recession-like growth in China (6%ish), and the prospects that it could keep sliding, especially if a U.S./China trade deal doesn’t materialize, the major central banks in the world have positioned for the worst case scenario.

In the process, we may have discovered the real drag on the Chinese economy.

Here’s the latest look at the Shanghai Composite, up 33% since January 4th (which not so coincidentally is the day the Fed walked back on its rate hiking path).

Maybe the easiest message to glean from this chart, and that turning point, is that the biggest culprit in the China slowdown has been the Fed, not tariffs.

Here’s how the Dallas Fed put it in a report from October 3rd (which happens to be the high in stocks, the day stocks turned):

Emerging economies have suffered a general decline in forecast GDP growth, and inflation rose in a handful of countries. The tightening of monetary policy in advanced economies, both through rate hikes and other policy actions such as forward guidance, results in capital outflows from emerging economies with low reserves relative to their foreign debt.”  

Higher U.S. rates has meant a stronger dollar.  With the economy moving north, the dollar moving north and rates moving north, global capital flows to the U.S. — and away from riskier emerging markets.  It’s not that the U.S. economy can’t handle a 3.25% ten-year yield or a 5% mortgage rate in the domestic economic environment.  It’s the EM world that can’t handle it (at the moment).

China has responded to the growth slowdown with an assault of monetary and fiscal stimulus.  But the most powerful stimulus appears to have been the move by the Fed to stand-down.

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March 7, 5:00 pm EST

Stocks continue to back off after completing a full recovery of the December declines.

Here’s another look at the chart we observed on Monday, where you can see the big technical area of resistance (three prior highs) — and today we close back on the 200-day moving average (the purple line).

As we discussed on Monday, the failure of this level shouldn’t be too surprising, as a reasonable technical area to take some profits.

As stocks slide back, the media is quick to turn the attention back toward fears of global economic slowdown.  What’s the big difference between now and December?  The Fed has moved from telegraphing rate hikes to ‘neutral’ and sitting/watching.  The PBOC (central bank in China) has done more to stimulate their economy (to incentivize bank lending) and this morning, the ECB has come in with more easy money policies.  Both the Fed and ECB were pre-emptive shots.

Like 2016, the response from central banks has been aggressive and coordinated to ward off slowdown and/or a stock market destabilization.  That recipe worked well in 2016.  I suspect it will work well this year.

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November 2, 5:00 pm EST

If you are a regular reader of my daily notes, you’ll know I’ve suspected we are seeing an end to the “wild west” days in Silicon Valley.

I think we’ve finally seen it play out in the stock market in the past month.

The media has spent the past month pontificating about big macro economic stories and how these risks have driven this correction stocks. But the intermarket correlations don’t support it.  Despite the sharp slide in stocks, money hasn’t fled to the safety of bonds.  The currency market has shown little to no stress.  And gold has been relatively quiet.  This is all antithetical to what you would find in a world shaken from elevated global risks.

Ultimately, this correction has been about repricing the tech giants. And one of the power players in Silicon Valley said about as much this week.

Peter Theil, founder of PayPal and the first investor in Facebook said he doesn’t expect to see another innovative breakthrough consumer internet company. I agree (for a number of reasons).

With that, I want to revisit my note from March of 2017, as Trump was just getting his feet wet as President:

TUESDAY, MARCH 7, 2017
A big component to the rise of Internet 2.0 was the election of Barack Obama.

With a change in administration as a catalyst, the question is: Is this chapter of the boom in Silicon Valley over? 

Without question, the Obama administration was very friendly to the new emerging technology industry. One of the cofounders of Facebook became the manager of Obama’s online campaign in early 2007, before Obama announced his run for president, and just as Facebook was taking off after moving to and raising money in Silicon Valley (with ten million users). Facebook was an app for college students and had just been opened up to high school students in the months prior to Obama’s run and the hiring of the former Facebook cofounder. There was already a more successful version of Facebook at the time called MySpace. But clearly the election catapulted Facebook over MySpace with a very influential Facebook insider at work. And Facebook continued to get heavy endorsements throughout the administration’s eight years. 

In 2008, the DNC convention in Denver gave birth to Airbnb. There was nothing new about advertising rentals online. But four years later, after the 2008 Obama win, Airbnb was a company with a $1 billion private market valuation, through funding from Silicon Valley venture capitalists. CNN called it the billion dollar startup born out of the DNC. 

Where did the money come from that flowed so heavily into Silicon Valley? By 2009, the nearly $800 billion stimulus package included $100 billion worth of funding and grants for the ‘the discovery, development and implementation of various technologies.’ In June 2009, the government loaned Tesla $465 million to build the model S. 

When institutional investors see that kind of money flowing somewhere, they chase it. And valuations start exploding from there as there becomes insatiable demand for these new ‘could be’ unicorns (i.e. billion dollar startups). 

Who would throw money at a startup business that was intended to take down the deeply entrenched, highly regulated and defended taxi business? You only invest when you know you have an administration behind it. That’s the only way you put cars on the street in NYC to compete with the cab mafia and expect to win when the fight breaks out. And they did. In 2014, Uber hired David Plouffe, a senior advisor to President Obama and his former campaign manager to fight regulation. Uber is valued at $60 billion. That’s more than three times the size of Avis, Hertz and Enterprise combined.

Will money keep chasing these companies without the wind any longer at their backs?

Again, this note above was from about 18 months ago.  And administration change has indeed become a problem for these emerging monopolies.

Trump’s scrutiny has come, and so has the regulatory scrutiny.  But admittedly is has taken longer than I expected.

Still, it has become clear now to lawmakers (in the U.S. and abroad) that the lack of regulatory oversight of these companies (if not regulatory favor) has created a “winner takes all” environment.  And the power transfer into so few hands has quickly become a big threat.

Now these companies look forward to the next decade of regulatory purgatory.  But given the maturity of these tech giants, higher regulation only strengthens their moat.  That means there will never be a competition to Facebook emerging from a dorm room or garage.  The compliance costs will be too high.

But regulation on the tech giants also creates the prospects for those “old-economy” competitors that have survived, to bounce back.
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April 2, 7:00 pm EST

As we’ve discussed, the proxy on the “tech dominance” trade is Amazon.  That’s the proxy on the stock market too.  And it’s not going well.  The President hammered Amazon again over the weekend, and again this morning.

Here’s what he said …

Remember, we had this beautiful heads-up on March 13, with the reversal signal in Amazon.

That signal we discussed in my March 13 note has now predicted this 15.8% decline in the fourth largest publicly traded company.  And it’s dictating the continued correction in the broader market.

If you’re a loyal reader of this daily note, you’ll know we’ve been discussing this theme for the better part of the last year.  The regulatory screws are tightening.  And the tech giants, which have been priced as if they are, or would become, perfect monopolies, are now in the early stages of repricing for a world that might have more rules to follow, hurdles to overcome and a resurrection of the competition they’ve nearly destroyed.

As we know, Uber has run into bans in key markets. We’ve had the repeal of “net neutrality” which may ultimate lead big platforms like Google, Twitter, Facebook and Uber, to transparency of their practices and accountability for the actions of its users.  Trump is going after Amazon, as a monopoly and harmful to the economy.  Tesla, a money burning company, is being scrutinized for its inability to mass produce — to deliver on promises.  For Tesla, if sentiment turns and people become unwilling to continue plowing money into a company that’s lost $6 billion over the past five years (while contributing to the $18 billion wealth of its CEO), it’s game over.

With that said, this all creates the prospects for a big bounce back in those industries that have been damaged by tech “disruption.”  And this should make a stock market recovery much more broad-based than we’ve seen.

With the sharp decline in stocks today, we’ve retested and broken the 200-day moving average in the S&P 500.  And we close, sitting on this huge trendline that describes the rise in stocks from the oil-crash induced lows of 2016.

Today we neared the lows of the sharp February decline.  I suspect we’ll bottom out near here and begin the recovery.  And that recovery should be fueled by very good Q1 earnings and a good growth number — brought to us by the big tax cuts.

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March 27, 4:00 pm EST

The sharp swings continue in stocks, with the bias toward the downside.  And as we’ve discussed over the past two weeks, it’s all led by the tech giants.  Remember, on Friday we looked at the most important chart in the stock market: the chart of Amazon (as a proxy on the tech giants).  Early this afternoon, Amazon was outpacing the S&P 500 to the downside by 4-to-1, and finally the broader market cracked to follow it.

This all continues to look like the market is beginning to price in a world where the tech giants, that have taken dangerously significant market share over the past decade, are on the path of tighter regulation and a leveling of the playing field, which will result in higher costs of doing business.  That will change their position of strength and open the door to a resurrection of the competition.

Remember, on the stock slide of this past Friday, the S&P 500 hit the 200-day moving average and bounced sharply.  It now looks like we’ll get another test of it, probably a break, and maybe take another peak at the February lows.

Here’s a look at the chart ….


You can see in the chart above the technical significance of these levels.  This represents the trend from the oil price induced lows of 2016.  And the slope of this trend incorporates the optimism from the Trump election and the outlook on pro-growth policies.

With that significance at play, a breach of this support, at least for a short time, would all play into the scenario that we’ll see more swings in stocks (pain for the bulls) until we get to earnings season, which kicks into gear on April 13.  And as we discussed, that should begin the data-driven catalyst for stocks (earnings and growth, fueled by fiscal stimulus).

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December 28, 12:00 pm EST

While the President’s pro-growth plan had some wins this year, it was a slow start.

Going after healthcare first was a mistake.  Fortunately, a pivot was made, and we now have a big tax bill delivered. And we have what will likely exceed a couple hundred billion dollars in government spending on hurricane/natural disaster aid underway (the early stages of a big government spending/ infrastructure package).

Last year this time, I predicted that Trump’s corporate tax cut would cause stocks to rise 39%.  That’s a big number, that’s only been done a handful of times since the 1920s. We got a little better than half way there.

But, here’s the good news: We got there on earnings growth, ultra-low rates and an improving economy.  All of that still stands for next year, PLUS we will have the addition of an aggressive tax cut that will be live day one of 2018.

With that, my analysis from last year still stands!  Let’s walk through it (yet) again.

S&P 500 earnings grew by 10% this year.  S&P 500 earnings are expected to grow at about the same rate next year.  And that’s before the impact of a huge cut in the corporate tax rate.  The corporate tax rate now goes from 35% to 21% – and for every percentage point cut in that rate, we should expect it to add at least a dollar to S&P 500 earnings.

With that, the forecast on S&P 500 earnings for next year is $144. If we add $14 to that (for 14 percentage points in the corporate tax rate) we get $158. That would value stocks on next year’s earnings, at today’s closing price on the S&P 500, at just 17 times earnings (just a touch higher than the long-term average). BUT, the Fed has told us that rates will continue to be ultra-low next year (relative to history).  When we look back at ultra–low interest rate periods, the valuation on stocks runs higher than average—usually north of 20 times earnings.

If we take the corporate tax cut driven earnings of $158 and multiply it times 20, we get 3,160 on the S&P 500. That’s 18% higher than current levels. This analysis doesn’t incorporate the impact of a potentially hotter than expected economy next year (thanks to the many other areas of fiscal stimulus).  So, as we’ve discussed throughout the year, the backdrop continues to get better and better for stocks.

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December 1, 2017, 4:00 pm EST

Stocks fell sharply this morning, but recovered nearly all the losses from the lows of the day.

Today we got a reminder of the impact that algorithmic trading can have on markets. When the headline hit today about Flynn, here’s what stocks did…

Big institutions have been trading stocks through computer programs for a long time, but the speed at which these algorithms can access markets and information have changed dramatically over the past decade – so has the massive amount of assets deployed through high frequency trading programs. They can remove liquidity very quickly. Combine that with the reduced liquidity in markets that has resulted from the global financial crisis (i.e. the shrinkage of the marketing making community and of hedge fund speculators, and the banning of bank prop trading) and you get markets that can go down very fast. And you get markets that can go up very fast too.

The proliferation of ETFs exacerbates this dynamic. ETFs give average investors access to immediate execution, which turns investors into reactive traders. Selling begets selling. And buying begets buying.

Now, with the Flynn news, Wall Street and the financial media spend a lot of time trying to predict when the market will correct and what will cause it. But as the great billionaire investor, Howard Marks, has said: “It’s the surprises no one can anticipate that move markets. But most people can’t imagine them, and most of the time they don’t happen. That’s why they’re called surprises.”

Still, if you’re not a leveraged hedge fund, this tail-chasing game of trying to pick tops and reduce exposure at the perfect time shouldn’t apply.

More important is the observation that stocks remain cheap at current levels, when we consider valuations in historically low interest rate periods. And we continue to have very low interest rates. So the question is: Is it more likely that corporate earnings will get worse from here, or better from here?

There’s plenty of evidence to suggest the momentum and the fundamental backdrop supports “getting better” from here. And we add to that, the fuel of tax cuts, and earnings should continue to make stocks very attractive relative to a 2.3% ten-year yield.

November 29, 2017, 4:30 pm EST

The adoration for Bitcoin has been growing by the day, though no one understands how to value it.

CNBC went on “watch” the other day for Bitcoin $10,000. Today it traded above $11,000 and then fell as much as 21% from the highs.

Here’s a look at the chart.

I heard someone today say, everyone should have a small portion of their net worth in Bitcoin. That sounds an awful lot like the mantra for gold. Gold has been sold all along as an inflation hedge. But unless you have Weimar Republic-like hyperinflation, you’re unlikely to get the inflation-hedge value out owning it.

Remember, gold went on a tear from sub-$700 to above $1,900 following the onset of global QE (led by the Fed). Gold ran up as high as 182%. That was pricing in 41% annualized inflation at one point (as a dollar for dollar hedge). Of course, inflation didn’t comply. Still, nine years after the Fed’s first round of QE and massive global responses, we’ve been able to muster just a little better than 1% annualized inflation. So gold is a speculative trade. It’s a fear trade. And it’s volatile.

If you bought gold at the top in 2011, the value of your “investment” was cut in half just four years later. That’s a lot of risk to take for the prospect of “hedging” against the loss of purchasing power in the paper money in your wallet.

Now, Bitcoin is becoming a pretty polarizing “asset class.” The gold bugs get very emotional if you argue against the value of owning gold. Those that own Bitcoin seem to have a similar reaction. But Bitcoin, like gold, is a tough one to value. You buy it because you hope someone is going to buy it from you at a higher price.

So is Bitcoin (cryptocurrencies) an investment? Sophisticated investors that are involved, likely see it as similar investment to a startup. It has traction. It has a lot of risks. It could go to zero. Or it could pay them multiples of what they pay for it. But they thrive on diversification. When they have a large portfolio of these types of bets, when a few payoff, they put up nice returns. Bitcoin may be one of the few, or it may not.

 

October 23, 2017, 4:00 pm EST

BR caricatureForbes has just ranked the top 400 richest people in America for 2017.

Among the top 50, a fifth have created their wealth from some sort of Wall Street activity (mostly hedge funds, but also brokerage and asset management). There’s not much new there–the rich have gotten richer on Wall Street despite the challenges of the past decade. But as we’ve discussed, the torch was, in many respects, passed to Silicon Valley over the past decade, as the best spot to create–that’s where the biggest proportion of the wealthiest 50 have built their wealth.

But much of that technology wealth can be refined down to the very industries that are being displaced on the wealth list, such as publishing, energy and retail.

That makes you wonder how long some of these companies can command a software-like valuation when the core of their business models are rather traditional things like selling ads, distributing content, making cars or selling retail products.

To this point, as long as they started in Silicon Valley, they tend to get a very long leash. They can lose money with immunity.

Consider this: GM is valued at $66 billion. Telsa is valued at $57 billion. GM has made (net profit) $43 billion over the past six years. Tesla has lost$2.5 billion over the past six years. Meanwhile, Elon Musk, Tesla’s founder, has amassed a $20 billion net worth.

The question is how defensible are these businesses (Facebook, Netflix, Tesla, Twitter)? How wide is their moat? A couple of years ago, the answer was probably very wide–very defensible given the adoption, the scale, and the deep pocket investors that were willing to continue plowing money into them. But, as we’ve discussed, if the regulatory environment becomes less favorable and the money dries up (in the case of private companies, like Uber), the operating advantages can begin to evaporate. This bubble-up of regulatory scrutiny on tech is something to keep a close eye on. It may become one of the big themes in the coming year.

 

June 16, 2017, 4:30 pm EST                                                                                   Invest Alongside Billionaires For $297/Qtr

Today I want to take a look back at my March 7th Pro Perspectives piece.  And then I want to talk about why a power shift in the economy may be underway (again).

Big Picture .. Market Perspectives   March 7, 2017
A big component to the rise of Internet 2.0 was the election of Barack Obama. With a change in administration as a catalyst, the question is: Is this chapter of the boom in Silicon Valley over? And is Snap the first sign?

Without question, the Obama administration was very friendly to the new emerging technology industry. One of the cofounders of Facebook became the manager of Obama’s online campaign in early 2007, before Obama announced his run for president, and just as Facebook was taking off after moving to and raising money in Silicon Valley (with ten million users). Facebook was an app for college students and had just been opened up to high school students in the months prior to Obama’s run and the hiring of the former Facebook cofounder. There was already a more successful version of Facebook at the time called MySpace. But clearly the election catapulted Facebook over MySpace with a very influential Facebook insider at work. And Facebook continued to get heavy endorsements throughout the administration’s eight years. 

In 2008, the DNC convention in Denver gave birth to Airbnb. There was nothing new about advertising rentals online. But four years later, after the 2008 Obama win, Airbnb was a company with a $1 billion private market valuation, through funding from Silicon Valley venture capitalists. CNN called it the billion dollar startup born out of the DNC. 

Where did the money come from that flowed so heavily into Silicon Valley? By 2009, the nearly $800 billion stimulus package included $100 billion worth of funding and grants for the “the discovery, development and implementation of various technologies.” In June 2009, the government loaned Tesla $465 million to build the model S. 

When institutional investors see that kind of money flowing somewhere, they chase it. And valuations start exploding from there as there becomes insatiable demand for these new ‘could be’ unicorns (i.e. billion dollar startups). 

Who would throw money at a startup business that was intended to take down the deeply entrenched, highly regulated and defended taxi business? You only invest when you know you have an administration behind it. That’s the only way you put cars on the street in NYC to compete with the cab mafia and expect to win when the fight breaks out. And they did. In 2014, Uber hired David Plouffe, a senior advisor to President Obama and his former campaign manager to fight regulation. Uber is valued at $60 billion. That’s more thanthree times the size of Avis, Hertz and Enterprise combined.

Will money keep chasing these companies without the wind any longer at their backs?

Now, this was back in March. And that was the question — will it keep going under Trump? Can they continue to thrive/ if not survive without policy favors.  Most importantly for the billion dollar startup world, will the private equity capital dry up.  This is what it’s really all about.  Will the money that chased the subsidies from D.C. to Silicon Valley for eight years (i.e. the trillion dollar pension funds) stop flowing?  And will it begin chasing the new favored industries and policies under the Trump administration?

It seems to be the latter. And it seems to be happening in the form of a return to the public markets — specifically, the stock market.

And it may be amplified because of the huge disparity in what is being favored.  In Silicon Valley, innovation is favored.  Profitability?  Remember, the 90s tech bubble. The measure of success for those companies was “eyeballs.” How much traffic were they getting to their websites?  Today, when you hear a startup founder talk about the success benchmarks, it rarely has anything to do with with revenue or profit.  It’s all about headcount (how many people they’ve hired) and money raised (which enables them to hire people). They are validated by convincing investors to fund them (mostly with our pension money).

Now, the other side of this coin:  Trumponomics.  Remember, among the Trump policies (corporate tax cuts, repatriation, deregulation, infrastructure spend), the most common sense play in the stock market has been flooding money into companies that make a lot of money.  Those that make a lot of money have the most to gain from a slash in the corporate tax rate — it falls right to the bottom line. Leading the way on that front, is Apple.  They make a lot of money.  And they will make a lot more when a tax cut comes, making the stock even cheaper.  That’s why it’s up 25% year-to-date.  That’s 2.5 times the performance of the broader market.

Meanwhile, let’s take a look back at the Snapchat.   Snapchat doesn’t make money. And even after a 1/3 haircut on the valuation, trades about 35 times revenue. And now, as a public company, probably doesn’t get the protection from the venture capital/private equity community that may have significant investments in its competitors.  So the competitors (like Facebook) are circling like sharks to copy their business.

What about Uber?  The Uber armor may be beginning to crack as well, with the leadership shakeup in recent weeks.  Maybe a good signal for how Uber may be doing?  Hertz!  Hertz has bounced about 20% from the bottom this week.

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